A June 2022 study by the Research Group on Biomarkers and Nutritional & Food Metabolomics of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences of the University of Barcelona and the CIBER on Fragility and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES) said
“If we consider the beneficial effects of [postbiotics (such as IPA)] [a postbiotic with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties that contributes to improve the health of the intestinal wall] on the gut microbiota and health in general, it is important to find reliable strategies to promote the production of this metabolite”
“These results could be clinically relevant, since the low IPA levels have been associated with a rapid decline of kidney function and a chronic kidney disease”,
“Polyphenol-rich diets that include probiotic foods such as green tea, dark chocolate, some fruits like blueberries, pomegranates and apples, could increase the production of IPA.”