A September 2024 study by Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) said,

  • "Our results, in line with other recent studies, suggest that extending the overnight fast could help maintain a healthy weight if accompanied by an early dinner and an early breakfast. We think this may be because eating earlier in the day is more in line with circadian rhythms and allows for better calorie burning and appetite regulation, which can help maintain a healthy weight. However, it is too soon to draw definitive conclusions, so recommendations will have to wait for more robust evidence",

  • "There are different ways of practising what is known as 'intermittent fasting' and our study relates to one of them, which is overnight fasting. What we observed in a subgroup of men who do intermittent fasting by skipping breakfast is that this practice has no effect on body weight. Other intervention studies in participants with obesity have shown that this tactic is no more effective than reducing calorie intake in reducing body weight in the long term,"

  • "Our research is part of an emerging field of research known as 'chrononutrition', which focuses not only on analysing what we eat, but also the times of day and the number of times we eat"

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